Color adjustment of pictures and group version in color newspaper
At present, many county and city newspapers in our country are only published in four editions, with a circulation of about 20,000 copies. Due to market demand, sometimes some large newspapers have to print color newspapers. The same printing machine is processed with the same software, so that the printing quality of small color newspapers is good and time lag, which is quite different from the quality of hundreds of thousands of copies of color newspapers. The reason is that the important point is that the running speed of the paper belt of the high-speed rotary machine can reach 9 ~ 13m / s, but the number of small color newspapers is only about 10,000 copies. The limit of printing scraps is reached before the color is optimized. In short, the printing workers often make things right, which makes it difficult to guarantee the printing quality. How to solve this problem, on the one hand, the technical workers in the printing plant should improve their own quality, and the color matching should be accurate and fast. On the other hand, the typesetting personnel must also have certain cooperation in the pre-press processing of the small color newspaper, so that when printing Color grading has become relatively easier. Speeding up the color grading when printing small color newspapers will also have a relatively good print quality. Pre-press processing includes image processing, group version, output, plate making and other processes. Here are some adjustments to image processing and group version, and some opinions on improving the printing quality of small color newspapers.
Pictures play a very important role in color newspapers. Exquisite pictures can often play a finishing touch and give people artistic enjoyment. In order to obtain the best printing effect, the first thing is to adjust the picture. In the printing of small color newspapers, the pre-press processing of pictures is particularly important. Only a good picture can make it easy and quick to adjust the colors during printing.
1. Original quality
It can be said that if the original quality of the picture is not high, although the pre-press processing and printing process adjustments are fully in place, the picture quality cannot be greatly improved. For this reason, it is very important for the selection of manuscripts. The requirements for color pictures in color newspaper printing are: bright colors, rich, accurate, realistic, basically without excessive color deviation; clear layers, good clarity, good quality; moderate contrast, uniform layer distribution; photos without scratches, Fingerprints, dust, creases, etc.
For manuscripts that are photos, try to use rice-free photo paper (do not have various textures); if it is the second manuscript of a printed matter, it is best to have a screen with more than 150 lines / inch (exquisite samples, etc.), and do not enlarge ; For line drawing manuscripts, it is best to be the original ink manuscript, rather than a copy. In addition, the image files downloaded on the Internet are generally small, and the accuracy and clarity are not enough. Try to use them less or not.
It should be pointed out that, in order to meet the above requirements, in addition to the efforts of the image processing personnel, it is necessary to obtain the cooperation of the editors and reporters of the newspaper office to jointly improve the quality of the photo originals.
2. Picture processing
(1) Use RGB mode to process color pictures. RGB mode is the color method adopted by all devices based on optical principles. It can express many colors, especially bright and bright colors. The editing of pictures often goes through many subtle processes. For example, the contents of several pictures may be combined together. Since the original tone of each component may not be the same, they need to be adjusted and so on. No matter what effect the image processing needs to achieve, the operator hopes to produce and retain various subtle effects as much as possible, so as to make the picture as real and rich as possible. Because the color range of RGB mode is much larger than that of CMYK mode, when processing images in RGB mode, you will get a wider color space and more subtle and variable editing effects during the entire editing process, and these effects , If used well, most of them can be retained. Although in the end still have to switch to CMYK mode and there will definitely be color loss, it is much better than letting the picture lose color in the first place.
(2) Picture clarity adjustment. Sharpening is the most effective way to improve the clarity of images in the adjustment of pictures in small color newspapers. Compared with high-end printing, color newspapers have limited printing conditions, high dot expansion rate, coarse mesh, and large sharpening value, which is conducive to improving image clarity. Generally, it can be adjusted to a slightly outdated screen effect. From the point of view of the screen hanging process, sharpening also has the effect of eliminating the layer loss caused by the screen hanging. From this point of view, sharpening is by no means an optional part, but a necessary part of pre-press processing.
The degree of sharpening is related to the type of the original image and the zoom ratio. Generally, the sharpness of the image of the manuscript is smaller, but it can be larger for the landscape. Generally speaking, the greater the sharpness of the picture, the higher the magnification, the deeper the sharpness.
(3) Adjustment of picture level. The purpose of level adjustment is to meet the printing requirements first. According to the characteristics of the high printing dot expansion rate of newspapers, the expansion of dots in the printing process is compensated, and the main levels are concentrated in the middle area, that is, 20% to 60% of the visually sensitive area. During the adjustment process, that is, the tone of the original corresponds to the tone that can be reproduced to the maximum extent, so that the image is clear and true. Secondly, according to the content and level distribution of the original, the accuracy of the tone of the important parts must be ensured. For clothes, face, etc., the level must be clear, for example, the difference in face level should not be less than 15%; again, the value of extremely high light or very dark tone should be adjusted, and the large area should not be isolated, generally controlled at 2% to 95% about.
(4) Adjustment of picture color. The adjustment of the color of the picture is what people usually call the color correction. The main reason is to reproduce the colors reflected in the original (not the original). In the operation process, it is mainly to correct the color deviation caused by the original or scanning to ensure the accurate color of the main part. When adjusting the color, make sure that the screen effect and the final printing effect are compatible. Keep in mind that newsprint has a gray scale of 3% to 5%. It is best to compare the proofs or more accurate printed products, open the original digital file, and compare the colors. . At the same time, it should be noted that the color adjustment should be based on the information displayed on the information board, not just the screen display effect.
(5) Convert RGB mode to CMYK mode. The pictures used for printing the film must be in CMYK mode, so the picture mode must be converted before the film is printed. It should be noted that some color changes will occur in the picture when the picture mode is converted. The pictures in CMYK mode are always brighter than the pictures in RGB mode. After conversion, you should observe the picture first and confirm that there is no color cast before output. If you think you are dissatisfied, you should immediately cancel the conversion of the color mode. You must never convert it back to the RGB color mode, which will cause irreparable color loss. [next]
The process of group edition is also an important aspect that affects the quality of color newspapers. The use of layout colors affects the positioning, theme and style of the entire layout. Although most of this is set by the editor, the typesetting staff must use colors reasonably and adjust the colors appropriately, so as to reduce the time for adjusting colors during printing and improve the printing quality of small color newspapers.
1. Image processing in the layout
In the process of group version, the impact of picture quality is small, but it must not be ignored. First of all, in the group version, do not easily enlarge or reduce the picture. Reducing the picture will make the picture less effective and the output will be slower. Enlarging the picture will have a greater impact on the picture effect. If you have to change the size, you need to do it in the picture processing software. Secondly, we must pay attention to the embossing of the picture. The embossing should not be too large or too large. Don't use negative characters, otherwise it will affect the picture effect. In addition, the text and pictures should be kept at a certain distance, and should not be too crowded or too loose, affecting the overall beauty.
2. Shading in the layout
In small color newspapers, the most difficult to print is large-scale shading, either color inaccuracy or color unevenness, which is mainly caused by inaccurate color adjustment by printing technical workers. How to properly use shading and make it a reasonable part of the layout language is an important part of printing a small color newspaper. First of all, the choice of shading color should be reasonable. If the visibility of yellow on white newsprint is low, if you use yellow shading, you must use solid colors (that is, a single color with 100% saturation), otherwise it is difficult to have high printing quality; if there are black characters in the shading, If there is no border on the word, it is necessary to use purple, cyan, green, red and other shades. They are less visible with black characters and should be avoided. Secondly, the shading color should use more sub-solid colors and solid colors in the application, and less use of multiple colors, because the double color is a four-color synthesis, that is to say, it needs to be printed with four reasonable matches, which is increased during the printing of small color newspapers. The difficulty of color grading makes it difficult to print colors accurately, and it is prone to color cast.
Again, oppose the printing of color blocks on the text, because this will reduce the visibility of the text, and should be avoided if the font size is not large enough. The background color of the text should be based on the premise that it does not interfere with reading the text, so it is appropriate to have a small length of text with a certain length as the background in soft and light tones. Avoid using dark colors such as blue green, blue and purple.
3. Text processing in the layout
In general, the text is black, because black is the most visible in white newsprint, and it has minimal color stimulation to the reader's retina, which reduces the reader's visual fatigue during long reading. If the text of the text must be colored, it is generally suitable to use purple, cyan and other colors with high visibility in white newsprint, and rarely use colors with low visibility such as gray and red. Basically, yellow cannot be used because of this The color is the least visible in white, and the color stimulation is very high, very dazzling, and looks tired.
The size of the title of the article is generally large and the number of words is small. In the application, more high-purity and high-purity colors, such as yellow, red, orange, etc., are used to attract the reader's attention. At the same time, from the perspective of printing Easy to print. Of course, for the overall needs of the layout, you can also use some soft and light tones.
Some of the above processing methods are just personal ideas and are for your reference only.
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