Detailed structure and composition of the sofa
The origin of the sofa dates back to ancient Egypt around 2000 BC, but the true soft-cloth sofa appeared in the late sixteenth to early seventeenth centuries. At that time, the sofa mainly used natural elastic materials such as horsehair, bird feathers and plant fluff as fillers, and the outside was covered with fabrics such as velvet and embroidery to form a soft human contact surface. For example, the Farthingle chair popularly used in the public in Europe was one of the earliest sofa chairs. To get the best sofa, it's important to understand the structure and materials of the sofa.
Whether it is a European style or a neoclassical sofa, the external structure is composed of a sofa back, a sofa seat, a sofa armrest, and a sofa leg. The back of the sofa is the place where the backrest is sitting when people sit, and it is also like a screen, so the square is also called the sofa screen. In order to facilitate writing and narration, it is simply referred to as "screen". The sofa screen is composed of two parts: a sofa screen frame and a sofa screen bag. The screen frame part includes: a screen frame, a screen frame side, a screen frame top, a screen frame bottom, etc.; the screen package part includes: an upper screen package, a lower screen package, Screen pack side, screen pack, screen pack top, screen pack bottom, screen pack and screen pack.
The interior of the sofa is composed of a sponge, a wooden frame, etc., and some sofas use a doll cotton instead of a sponge, and an iron frame instead of a wooden frame. The wooden frame of the sofa is also required to cover the splint, the base fabric, the pull rubber band and the nail spring as required.
The sofa is composed of a main body frame, a seating structure, a filler and an outer fabric.
1. There are three main types of sofas on the market:
A. Solid wood structure - the shortage of wood resources, the drying technology of hard wood, the connection of shackles, and the sofa with real solid wood structure are quite expensive. Such structural sofas are quite rare.
B. Slab wood structure—the wooden side is made of beams and erect supports, and the structural skeleton made of the multi-layer composite board is made by nailing. The structural material has the advantages of low cost, simple manufacturing process, convenient molding and high manufacturing efficiency, and is a widely used process structure. Disadvantages: Multi-layer composite sheet has high formaldehyde content, which is easy to cause pollution and odor.
C. All-steel welded structure—The ordinary standard square steel pipe is welded and formed under standard test tools for anti-rust treatment. This kind of process is difficult to form, has long working hours and high technical requirements. Advantages: good structural stability, high strength, good environmental protection and long service life. At present, most European sofas adopt this structure, which is the future development direction of domestic sofas. Only a few brands in the Beijing market have this structure and are ideal products for consumers to choose.
Extended reading: Classification of sofas and how to choose a good sofa?
2, the sitting surface structure of the sofa
The sitting surface is the main part of the sofa's force, and it is also the key part of the sofa comfort and service life. The seat surface structure of the sofa mainly includes rubber bandages (good elasticity but short service life, easy to collapse), wooden flat plate (no elasticity, poor sitting feeling but long service life), snake-shaped steel spring (good elasticity, good sitting feeling, use) long life). The seat surface structure, the high-elastic snake spring structure is superior to the bandage structure, and the high-quality bandage is better than the inferior bandage structure. The high-grade sofa frame can be used in combination with the bandage spring, and the cross-woven connection between the bandage and the serpentine spring. The firmness and resilience of the serpentine spring will be strengthened even if your child is The sofa jumps and the cushion does not deform. The mid-range sofas are mostly made of medium-density fiberboard and the bottom of the back, and the layers are covered with medium-density sponge and sprayed cotton. This cushion has a harder sitting feel and a slightly less resilience.
The sitting feel and life of the sofa have a considerable relationship with the filling. Generally, sponges and sponges are divided into various densities. The higher the density, the better the rebound. The relatively high-grade 30KG sponge is quite good. Some small factories use recycling and recycling of regenerated sponges for cost savings! The high-grade use of high-elastic sea surface and memory sea surface, the common cushion and the use of the doll face are more comfortable, but it is not easy to recover for a long time, and then it is necessary to use down. Watch out for black cotton!
3, sofa leather and fabric
The leather is divided into leather and PU leather. The leather is divided into yellow cowhide and buffalo leather. It can be divided into top layer skin, second layer skin and three layer skin according to the number of layers. It is divided into domestic skin and imported skin according to the origin. The imported skin is imported from Italy and Germany. The best quality, environmental protection, high color fastness, good elasticity and breathability, high mechanical strength, especially tear strength and tensile strength.
The density of fabrics is related to the mechanical wear life of the sofa for a long time. The sofa fabric should be thicker. The density of the national standard sofa fabric is greater than 300G/M2, and it must be ensured that the surface is not more than 12,000 times. At present, most of China's sofa manufacturers use blended fabrics or chemical fiber fabrics. Pure cotton fabrics (shrinkage, durability, resilience) are also difficult to use on sofa surfaces.
4, the filling of the sofa
There are three main types of sofa filling
A. Artificial cotton filler: rayon is used as a sofa filler. It has excellent softness and comfortable sitting. However, it has poor mechanical properties and low compression load. It should only be used as a cushion.
B. Soft polyurethane foam (commonly known as sponge), divided into three categories: conventional sponge is a sponge produced by conventional polyether and TDI, characterized by good resilience, softness and breathability. The high resilience sponge is a sponge made of active polyphosphorus and TDI. It has excellent mechanical properties, good elasticity, large compression load, good flame resistance and good gas permeability. A chaotic sponge is a kind of sponge whose internal pores are similar to natural seaweeds of different sizes. It is characterized by good elasticity and excellent cushioning properties when compressed and rebounded.
C. Down filling: Down is made of sofa padding, comfortable sitting and small deformation for long-term use. The disadvantage is slow rebound and high cost. Generally used in high-grade sofas with sponges, or suitable for cushions.
Under normal circumstances, the cushion padding of fabric sofas should be more suitable for high-rebound sponges of 30 kg/M3 or more. In the form, most of them are filled with a whole sponge. The best form is to use 30 kg/M3 or more. The elastic sponge and the random hole sponge are combined with the down or rayon to increase the comfort and service life. When choosing, you should know the type of filler, the density of the sponge, and feel the rebound effect and comfort of the cushion with gravity. Generally used sponge seat cushion, national standard 25KG/M3, international standard 35KG/M3.
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