Testing of mechanical properties of materials
Testing of mechanical properties of materials
Any kind of material will be deformed after being stressed. If the material is deformed to a certain degree, the material will reduce or lose its load-bearing capacity, that is, damage will occur. The stress-deformation-destruction of various materials has certain rules. The mechanical properties (also called mechanical properties) of a material refer to the properties such as strength, plasticity, elasticity, and toughness that the material exhibits in terms of deformation and destruction under the action of external forces. In order to ensure the normal operation of engineering components under various load conditions, the mechanical properties of the materials under different loads must be determined through tests, and specific mechanical performance indicators must be specified to provide a reliable basis for the strength design of the components. The main mechanical properties of materials are yield strength, tensile strength, material stiffness, elongation, shrinkage rate of section, impact toughness, fatigue limit, fracture toughness and crack propagation characteristics. The mechanical properties of metal materials depend on the chemical composition, metallographic structure, surface and internal defects of the material. In addition, the test method, ambient temperature, surrounding medium and sample shape, size, processing accuracy and other factors also have certain effects on the test results influences.
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