Immunoassay of ELISA for veterinary drug residues
Qin Yali and others prepared chloramphenicol monoclonal antibodies, and the minimum detection limit of Ci-ELISA was 0.1 ng / mL. -ELISA method, the detection limit is 2 ug / kg. Abad and Montoya synthesized two artificial antigens of carbali (insecticide) by carbodiimide method. After immunizing BALA / c mice, they obtained anti-carbali monoclonal antibody, and on this basis established Ci-ELISA method. Tanaka et al. Prepared spectinomycin polyclonal antibodies, and the detection limit of Ci-ELISA method was 2 ng / mL.
After nearly 20 years of development, the immunoassay technology for veterinary drug residues has made gratifying progress, but there are still many deficiencies. In general, the development of foreign veterinary drug residue detection lags behind the residue analysis of pesticides and foods, whether it is conventional technology or immunological technology. However, these have started late in China, and they are only beginning to take shape and have not been standardized and systematic. Most immunoassays for veterinary drug residues have not been established. This is not only subjective reasons such as insufficient understanding of the country and insufficient investment, but also limited by its own objective reasons. For example, artificial antigens for drugs are more difficult to synthesize, and although the immunodetection technology has the advantages of small sampling volume, simple pretreatment, large capacity, low instrumentation, low analysis cost, high efficiency, and sensitivity, the composition of the test substance provided Or too little information about the structure, prone to false negative results. The main trends in the development of veterinary drug residue immunoassay in the future are in the following aspects. (1) Concentrate manpower and material resources to formulate a series of national standards, standardize the methods, procedures, reagents, etc. of veterinary drug residue immunoassays and train professionals (2) The combination of immunoassay and other conventional methods can combine the high selectivity of residual analysis with the immunoassay and the speed and sensitivity of physical and chemical analysis, avoiding too little information and insufficient quantitative accuracy when the sample of immunoassay alone is The shortcomings of selective physical and chemical analysis methods simplify the analysis process and improve the analysis quality. For example, the large amount of samples are screened by immunoassay and then confirmed by other conventional methods, or the immunocolumn (IAC) prepared by antiserum is used to clean the samples and then analyzed by conventional methods. (3) The development of immunoassay technology will also promote the development of rational research. For example, the combined application of drug monoclonal antibody and gene recombination technology can in turn study the drug resistance mechanism of the drug, which is conducive to the development of new drugs.
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